CT Scan – What is it and when to do it?

Computed tomography is a radiological examination that involves taking a series of cross-sectional photos of the body. Thus, it allows looking deep into the body of the tested person and making a diagnosis of various diseases. But what exactly is a CT scan? You will find answers to this and other questions below.

What is computed tomography?

Computed tomography is a type of medical examination that has been developed from the X-rays technique. CT scan uses the same kind of radiation as a standard one-dimensional x-ray imaging technique, but the method of obtaining the image is different. The main difference is the construction of the machine taking the pictures. Both the radiation source and its detector move around the patient's body while taking many photos. Each of them presents the organism from a different angle. This data is transferred to the computer and as a result creates an image allowing an accurate view of the organs from all sides.

What is contrast computed tomography?

As part of the computed tomography with contrast, the patient is given a special fluid that improves the visibility of certain structures in the body. Used substances block x-rays, which results in changing the color of some organs to white in the image. One of the most popular ways of providing contrast is by drinking the liquid by the patient. However, most often it is administered by the venous route by using a cannula. During its administration, the patient may feel a warmth and metallic taste in the mouth.

What are the indications for performing a tomography?

Computed tomography is a test that is useful in the diagnosis of many diseases. So when exactly is it worth doing a computed tomography? It will be needed if images that accurately show internal organs are crucial for the diagnosis. This applies, especially to:

• Obtaining information to help with procedures such as biopsy and surgery;
• Detection and monitoring of diseases such as cancer or diseases of the blood system (in particular the heart);
• Diseases and damage to the locomotor system – e.g. bone cancer or fracture;
• Locating a clot, tumor, or infection;
• Detection of internal bleeding.

Another test that is frequently recommended is magnetic resonance imaging. Both tests can complement each other, and using them in this way allows obtaining precise information about the condition of the body. For more information, see the article on the differences and similarities between computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

How to prepare for a tomography?

Preparation for a CT scan largely depends on the part of the body being examined. It is recommended to perform them on an empty stomach, avoiding solid food for at least 6 hours before the test. In addition, you should keep your body well hydrated. It will be especially important in the case of computed tomography with contrast, before which it is recommended to consume about 1 liter of fluids. It is also recommended removing jewelry for the duration of the scanning. And it is also worth considering wearing clothes that do not have any metal elements – buckles, zippers or buttons. They may disturb functioning of the device and thus have a negative impact on the image obtained.